

Some scholars have cited the crack 'epidemic' as an example of a moral panic, noting that the explosion in use and trafficking of the drug actually occurred after the media coverage of the drug as an 'epidemic'. By 1987, crack was reported to be available in the District of Columbia and all but four states in the United States. Between 19, cocaine incidents increased to 94,000. In 1986, these incidents increased 110 percent, from 26,300 to 55,200. In 1985, cocaine-related hospital emergencies rose by 12 percent, from 23,500 to 26,300. Louis, Atlanta, Oakland, Kansas City, Miami, Newark, Boston, San Francisco, Albany, Buffalo, and Dallas-Fort Worth. Īccording to the 1985–1986 National Narcotics Intelligence Consumers Committee Report, crack was available in Los Angeles, New Orleans, Memphis, Philadelphia, New York City, Houston, San Diego, San Antonio, Seattle, Baltimore, Portland, Pittsburgh, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Detroit, Chicago, Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Milwaukee, St. In some major cities, such as New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Houston and Detroit, one dose of crack could be obtained for as little as $2.50 (equivalent to $6 in 2019).

Around 1984, powder cocaine was available on the street at an average of 55 percent purity for $100 per gram (equivalent to $246 in 2019), and crack was sold at average purity levels of 80-plus percent for the same price. Initially, crack had higher purity than street powder. As early as 1981, reports of crack were appearing in Los Angeles, Oakland, San Diego, Miami, Houston, New York, and in the Caribbean. It was cheap, simple to produce, ready to use, and highly profitable for dealers to develop. Faced with dropping prices for their illegal product, drug dealers made a decision to convert the powder to 'crack', a solid smokeable form of cocaine, that could be sold in smaller quantities, to more people. Soon there was a huge glut of cocaine powder in these islands, which caused the price to drop by as much as 80 percent. In the early 1980s, the majority of cocaine being shipped to the United States was landing in Miami, and originated in Colombia, trafficked through the Bahamas and Dominican Republic. Within a year more than a thousand press stories had been released about the drug. The name 'crack' first appeared in the New York Times on November 17, 1985. 'Rocks' of crack cocaine, with a ruler (marked in inches) for reference Berkeley Electronic Press Selected Works.

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